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What event marked the beginning of the Civil War?	Confederate forces attacked Fort Sumter, in South Carolina
Lincoln and many Northerners believed that the United States was one nation that could not be:	separated or divided
Most Southerners believed that states had freely created and joined the union, and could therefore:	freely leave it
The states that seceded from the Union favored slavery because they were:	dependent upon labor-intensive cash crops

Alabama; Arkansas; Florida; Georgia; Louisiana; Mississippi; North Carolina; South Carolina; Tennessee; Texas; Virginia What did these states do?	They seceded from the Union
Which four slave states stayed in the Union?	Delaware Kentucky Maryland Missouri
The four slave states that stayed in the Union were called:	Border states
Western counties of Virginia that refused to secede from the Union formed:	the state of West Virginia

During the Civil war, Abraham Lincoln was:	President
Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation to:	free the slaves
Lincoln was determined to ________, by force if necessary.	preserve the Union
Lincoln believed the United States was one nation, not a:	collection of independent states

Who wrote the Gettysburg Address?	Lincoln
In the Gettysburg Address, Lincoln said that said the Civil War was being fought to preserve a government:	“of the people, by the people, and for the people.”
Who was president of the Confederate States of America?	Jefferson Davis
Who was general of the Union army that defeated Lee?	Ulysses S. Grant

Who was leader of the Army of Northern Virginia?	Robert E. Lee
Who was offered command of the Union forces at the beginning of the war but chose not to fight against Virginia?	Robert E. Lee
At the end of the war, what did Lee urge Southerners to do?	Lee urged Southerners to accept defeat and reunite as Americans, even though some Southerners wanted to keep fighting.
How were Lincoln and Lee's views about the Union the same and how did they differ?	Both wanted to preserve the Union, but Lincoln was willing to do it by force, and Lee did not think the Union should be held together by force.

Who was Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson?	A skilled Confederate general from Virginia who played a big role in the First Battle of Bull Run.
Who was Frederick Douglass?	A former slave who escaped to the North and became an abolitionist
What event began the Civil War?	The firing on Fort Sumter, S.C.
What was the first major battle of the Civil War?	The first Battle of Manassas (Bull Run)

What was an important result of the signing of the Emancipation Proclamation?	It made “freeing the slaves” the new focus of the war. Many freed slaves joined the Union army.
What was the result of the Battle of Vicksburg?	The North got control of the Mississippi River. This divided the South in two parts.
What battle was considered the turning point of the war?	The Battle of Gettysburg, where the North repelled Lee’s invasion.
What happened at Appomattox Court House in 1865?	Lee’s surrender to Grant ended the war

Describe life and conditions on the battlefield?	Extremely harsh; many died from disease and exposure.
What hardships were experienced during the Civil War?	· Families and friends were often pitted against one another. · Disease was a major killer. · Combat was brutal and often man-to-man.
What was women's role in the war?	Women were left to run businesses in the North and farms and plantations in the South.
Who was the Civil War nurse, who created the American Red Cross?	Clara Barton

What was the condition of the South at the end of the war?	Much of the South was destroyed by the end of the war. Richmond and Atlanta had were burned. Confederate money was worthless.
What was the role of African Americans in the Civil War?	They fought in both the Confederate and Union armies.
How were African American Soldiers treated?	• African American soldiers were paid less than white soldiers. • African American soldiers were discriminated against and served in segregated units under the command of white officers.
A brave and heroic African American sailor and later a Union naval captain who became a Congressman after the Civil War was:	Robert Smalls

Which amendments were added to the Constitution after the war to address the issues of slavery and guarantee equal protection under the law for all citizens?	The 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments
Which amendment banned slavery?	The 13th Amendment
Which amendment granted citizenship to all persons born in the United States and guaranteed them equal protection under the law?	The 14th Amendment
Which amendment insured all citizens the right to vote regardless of race or color or previous condition of servitude?	The 15th Amendment

What do the 13th, 14th, and 15th amendments do?	They guarantee equal protection under the law for all citizens.
The period after the Civil War is called:	Reconstruction
What were some Reconstruction policies?	Northern soldiers supervised the South and Southern military leaders could not hold office. African Americans gained equal rights and some held public office.
What was the purpose of Civil Rights Act of 1866?	It gave equal rights to African Americans

What were some of the problems created by Reconstruction policies?	The Reconstruction policies were harsh and created resentment. Southerners resented northern “carpetbaggers"