STANDARD US1.5b

STANDARD US1.5b,c,d Life in the New England, Mid-Atlantic, and Southern colonies
US1.5b The student will demonstrate knowledge of the factors that shaped colonial America by (b) comparing and contrasting life in the New England, Mid-Atlantic, and Southern colonies, with emphasis on how people interacted with their environment.
How did climate and geographic features distinguish the three regions from each other?
New England	Mid-Atlantic		South
• Geography and climate – Appalachian Mountains, Boston harbor, hilly terrain, rocky soil, jagged coastline – Moderate summers, cold winters	• Geography and climate – Appalachian Mountains, coastal lowlands (harbors and bays, wide and deep rivers), rich farmlands – Moderate climate		• Geography and climate – Appalachian Mountains, Piedmont, Atlantic Coastal Plain, good harbors, rivers – Humid climate
How did people use the natural resources of their region to earn a living?
New England	Mid-Atlantic		South
• Economy – Fishing, shipbuilding industry and naval supplies, trade and port cities – Skilled craftsmen, shopkeepers	• Economy – Livestock and grain, trading – Unskilled and skilled workers and fishermen		• Economy – Large farms/plantations, cash crops, wood products, small farms – Slavery
How did political and social life evolve in each of the three regions?
New England	Mid-Atlantic		South
• Social life – Village and church as center of life – Religious reformers and separatists	• Social life – Villages and cities – Varied and diverse lifestyles – Diverse religions		• Social life – Plantations (slavery), mansions, indentured servants, few cities, few schools – Church of England
• Political and civic life – Town meetings	• Political and civic life – Market towns		• Political and civic life – Counties
US1.5c The student will demonstrate knowledge of the factors that shaped colonial America by (c) describing colonial life in America from the perspectives of large landowners, farmers, artisans, women, indentured servants, and slaves.
*How did people’s lives vary among different social groups in colonial America?* The colonies were made up of different groups of people whose lives varied depending on their social position.
Large landowners • Lived predominately in the South • Relied on indentured servants and/or slaves for labor • Were educated in some cases • Had rich social culture		Farmers • Worked the land according to the region • Relied on family members for labor
Artisans • Worked as craftsmen in towns and on the plantation • Lived in small villages and cities		Women • Worked as caretakers, house-workers, homemakers • Could not vote • Had few chances for an education
Indentured servants • Consisted of men and women who did not have money for passage to the colonies and who agreed to work without pay for the person who paid for their passage • Were free at the end of their contract		Slaves • Were captured in their native Africa and sold to slave traders, then were shipped to the colonies where they were sold into slavery • Were owned as property for life with no rights • Were often born into slavery (Children of slaves were born into slavery.)
US1.5d The student will demonstrate knowledge of the factors that shaped colonial America by (d) identifying the political and economic relationships between the colonies and England.
*How did England impose its political and economic control over the colonies?*
England established and attempted to maintain control over the colonies.
Economic relationships • England imposed strict control over trade. • England taxed the colonies after the French and Indian War. • Colonies traded raw materials for goods.		Political relationships • Colonists had to obey English laws that were enforced by governors. • Colonial governors were appointed by the king or by the proprietor. • Colonial legislatures made laws for each colony and were monitored by colonial governors.